kavi bhushan poem on aurangzeb

Special thanks to Padmashree Rao and Anil Nalawade for the calligraphy. In 2004, a biography of Shivaji by James Laine was banned in Maharashtra because it had dared to raise questions deemed unseemly by his fans. 3. 10 A Musalman slave, purchased by an infidel, becomes free after entering an infidel territory. – Shahid Nadeem, Pakistani Playwright, Even Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the father of Pakistan, observed that, Aurangzeb presided over a conquest state where Hindus had to submit to his rule most unwillingly[10]. He built a mosque at Mathura on the site of the Gobind Dev Temple which was very strong and beautiful as well as exquisite. When a large crowd rioted in protests the jizya, he sent in the troops—more precisely, the elephants—to trample them. The mention of Kavi Bhushan invokes in the Marathi souls the spirit of the poem “Indra jimi Jrambha par” made immortal by Pt. An 1850 sketch of Somnath temple. Swami Vivekananda on Shivaji quoting Bhushan kavi. It is strange that someone who changed the name of so many sacred places of Hindus is being defended this way. This itself makes for an interesting case, for, according to Audrey, there was no Hindu identity in pre-colonial age. In her book, Audrey quotes laudatory descriptions of Aurangzeb in  vernacular Jain works to show that he ensured the well being of all his subjects. Any monarch, who wanted to ensure the continuance of his reign, was unlikely to have acted differently under the circumstances. It says, The Lord Cherisher of the Faith learnt that in the provinces of Thatta, Multan and especially at Benaras, the Brahmin misbelievers used to teach their false books in their established schools, and their admirers and students, both Hindu and Muslim, used to come from great distances to these misguided men in order to acquire their vile learning. De Graaf, who was at hoogly in 1670 attests to the fact that Aurangzeb ordered destruction of temples everywhere in his reign “In the month of January [1670], all the governors and native officers received an order from the Great Mughal prohibiting the practice of Pagan religion throughout the country and closing down all the temples and sanctuaries of idol worshippers…in the hope that some Pagans would embrace the Muslim religion”. Bhusan had occasion to meet Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj when he visited Agra to meet Aurangzeb; thereafter, Bhusan became a supporter of Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. Original Shivraj Bhushan was written by Kavi Bhushan in Braj language, which contains poems in "Chanda" type on Chhtrapati Shivaji. Similarly, K N sane in Varshik Itibritta (saka year 1838) records that the attack by Aurangzeb on Narsinghpur was foiled by snakes and scorpions. In his second year he discontinued the celebration of Nauroz as it was a pagan or heretic festival. It is surprising that the article would fault contemporary India for the same. But the Jains did not take back the temple as it had already been desecrated. Historian Audrey Truschke took it upon herself to write a biography of Aurangzeb for the common reader to disabuse them of the many misconceptions around the Mughal king. Aurangzeb proscribed the poem of Hafiz (Diwan-e-Hafiz) in schools because he believed that it encouraged wine drinking. On the Hindu community [firqa] two calamities have descended, the exaction of jiziya in the towns and the oppression of the enemy in the country. Hijri, Zulfikar. This attribution of Aurangzeb’s portrayal in popular memory, as something misrepresented by the Hindutva brigade, is unsubstantiated. Shivaji did not discriminate. In 2015, a Shiv Sena MP abused an officer on duty on camera by calling him “Aurangzeb ki aulad” (a descendant of Aurangzeb), after he razed some temples during a demolition drive sanctioned by the district collector in Aurangabad, based on high court orders. It is a result of authentic findings from contemporary and later primary sources. There is not a single new source that has been used in the book. In the first poem, he praises the Mughal dynasty and says, “Oh master, I shall describe your glories O progeny of Babur”, “Now my misery has gone, happiness has come, I have become a favourite of Aurangzeb, I have become rich”. When Aurangzeb invaded Bijapur, the Khutba in the mosque was read in the name of King Sikandar Adil Shah. Truschke brings to life Aurangzeb the emperor in all his flaws and splendour. or idealized biography, one of the most important genres of Hindi historical poetry. Common sense and basic humanity suggests that killing 4.6 Mn people is Macabre and not Machiavellian. Explain to me about when Awrangzîb attacked the Deccani sultanates, when he ordered the Shîcî shrines to be destroyed! If the theory of political iconoclasm were correct, he should have destroyed this mosque but he did not. His poem was seen as act of treason and he had to leave … These poems did not exist in any document before 1842 and were just oral folk poems collected by a singer, and attributed to Aurangzeb, almost 200 years later. Looks like, in the author’s eyes, he could do no wrong! His experience in theatre proved beneficial, when various of … Until 1669, Aurangzeb was only upholding Hanafi law which was prevalent even in the days of Shahjahan, according to which all newly constructed Temples had to be demolished and while older ones were not be demolished, these could not be repaired. Clearly, the emperor Aurangzeb was too multifaceted to be reduced to a single personal/religious identity. In this time, the same things are being repeated as in the earlier period [5]. Aurangzeb took it to glorious heights by imprisoning his father! A successful statesman must act expediently, even though their actions may not always square with their professed political ideologies. During the first ten years of his revolt he … He stormed into the Kedāra Temple and slashed with his sword at the image of the bull Nandin, kneeling before the doorway to the sanctum. Similar to the great King Shivaji, Kavi Bhushan was also a sincere devotee of Mata Tulja Bhavani, and he composed many songs and sang in front of the shrine of Mata Bhavani. The Government of Maharashtra lists 19 February as a holiday commemorating Shivaji's birth (Shivaji Jayanti). He was against the atrocities of Aurangzeb and Adilshah. Reason enough for us to pen Aurangzeb – The Man And Her Myth? Kavi Bhushan was Chhatrapati Shivaji's court poet and he has written this "Shivabavani" which contains poems in Alankarit Braj language in Veer Rasa.The translation of this book is done by Pandit Kaviratna Hari Shankar Sharma He was admired even back in the 19th century Colonial Bengal where Shivaji Jayanti used to be conducted every year. Be the first one to write a … In his historical creations one can experience sacrifice, love, benevolence, forgiveness, service and humanity. Inspired by Chhatrapati Shivaji's ideals he travelled to Maharashtra and sought guidance from him. Bhusan had occasion to meet Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj when he visited Agra to meet Aurangzeb; thereafter, Bhusan became a supporter of Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. In 1889, the renowned British linguist George Grierson while writing his book on Hindi literature, looked for the book published by Krishnananda Vyas , he found that there was not a single copy available. An army of men was mobilised which set out ascertaining the length of beards of people and cutting off the excess length. Bahadur Singh, Yadgar-I-Bahaduri Mss. Kavi (Sanskrit: कवि) is a term for poet or poem in some Indian languages.. Kavi or KAVI may refer to: . Shiva Bhushan. These remarks are based on the book (Aurangzeb: The Man and the Myth, 2017 by Audrey Truschke) which the article praises. At this juncture, we would simply like to submit that many contemporary subjects wrote favourably of Stalin and Hitler, too! Aurangzeb’s actions were not merely in accordance with what he imagined to be that of an effective and equitable ruler’s. There are peculiarly contemporary resonances with his reign. He built Alamgiri mosque on top of Beni Madhav temple. Is this book by a Historian or someone with political backing and inclination? R Nath, Annals of The Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Vol. According to Kedara Temple Sthal Purana, Aurangzeb’s troops approached the vicinity of the Kedāra Temple in Benares and were met by a Muslim holy man who warned them not to touch Kedāra. But one particular poem, in dedication of this great hero, which is unique and resonates his persona. Aurangzeb destroyed the temples at Mayapur (Haridwar) and Ayodhya. Although he diminished the presence of Sanskrit scholars at the Mughal court, he also wanted Brahmins to pray for the safety and continuation of the empire. Richard Eaton has argued that this order was confined to benares. Let us look at all that he prohibited or put an end to, in addition to the lives of countless non-muslims, that is! A song has been sung ever since by Kashmiri Shias commemorating this event. Chhatrasal was 12 when his father Champat Rai of Mahoba was killed by the Mughals. Aurangzeb’s legacy, in the popular imagination, is one of unmitigated tyranny — reviled as the destroyer of Hindu temples, executioner of Sikh guru Teg Bahadur, and an austere Muslim ruler, who imposed unpopular taxes and curbed expressions of liberal Islam. This book was written three decades before colonialism found its way to Kashmir. The fact is that Aurangzeb himself cited Islamic precedents for iconoclasm and sincerely believed that it was his duty as a pious Muslim to destroy idols. There is an interesting story behind the Chausath Yogini temple in Jabalpur. The trade tax for Muslims was 2.5% as against  5% for Hindus. But the modern period of history is not very different in this respect. And in order to balance out the monstrosity of this unfair, unjust act, the author tries to create an impression that Aurangzeb also elevated Hindu officials to positions of eminence in his court. This makes us wonder if those who have written posts on the book have read the book to find out if this mythification of Aurangzeb, under the ironical guise of debunking the myths related to the man, is fact or fiction. He discontinued the Hindu practices of Jharokha Darshan , Tula Dan. This plating led to fire breaking out with full force, elsewhere. Such a prediction would not likely have been made about a loved and admired king. This step, taken by him out of desperation, for, he was not able to make gains on his own, was resented by orthodox Muslims who cursed him to hell. The author talks about patronage of Brahmins. Chhatrasal raised the banner of revolt against the Mughals in Bundelkhand at the age of 22, with an army of 5 horsemen and 25 swordsmen, in 1671. An icon used to represent a menu that can be toggled by interacting with this icon. And it is not because of some propaganda by any political party. The article finds no substantiation for Dr Kalam’s goodness despite his personal and professional conduct being well recorded and not so far back in the past. 2 Replies “He was a great king, reflecting true loyalty to India. He imposed a ban on wine and if a wine seller was apprehended, he was whipped on the first offence and imprisoned on the second. Instead he donated to this mosque and to others shrines such as the one at Gesu Daraz which had been associated with the polity of Bijapuri Adil Sahis. You seem to be using an unsupported browser.Please update to get the most out of Flickr. A serious doubt is cast by the fact that the third volume is in Bangla and not Hindi. Their houses were plundered, wealth destroyed, their heads shaven, urinated upon, publicly paraded, jeered upon, beaten with shoes and finally sent to death [3]. He also demolished Krittivasa and Bindu Madhava temples, raised mosques in their stead. As Truschke says in the Preface, the idea for the book, fittingly, came to her in an exchange on Twitter, a minefield for peddling divisive political agenda by interested groups and individuals. The Hindus suffered most under Aurangzeb. Similarly, the eleven Hindi poems attributed to Aurangzeb have actually been written by a person who seems to be a court poet . He remained a truly Machiavellian ruler in the classic sense of the term, drawing on The Prince, a treatise by the Italian diplomat Niccolò Machiavelli who advised rulers to imbibe cunning in their personal conduct and art of statecraft. The Brajbhasha of Bhushan is strongly hybridized, allowing for interesting effects that play on both Sanskrit and Persian meanings. The hatred for Aurangzeb also comes through in his denunciation by the Shiv Sena and other groups that admire his arch-rival, the Maratha warrior, Shivaji. Aurangzeb’s life, widely misrepresented by the Hindutva brigade as that of a cardboard despot’s, was far more complex, as anyone with common sense would expect, as well as riddled with many contradictions. Whether we believe the legends etched into the Stahal Puranas of these temples, these instances do indicate that Aurangzeb’s iconoclasm led to huge destruction and resettlement of Hindu places of worship. We found that Manager Pandey committed a huge blunder by attributing poems written by court poets to Mughal emperor. And ironically, at the same time, uses unsubstantiated rhetoric to claim that Aurangzeb was not a Tyrant and a Bigot that his actions, recorded in documents from the past, clearly reveal him to be. One of Bharat Bhushan ji iconic poem recital. the imposition of the tax was done, “with a view to suppress the infidels, and make clear the distinction between the dar ul-harb en de muti‘ ul-Islam,” that is between the rebellious areas and the areas that were muti‘, obedient or submissive, to Islam. The Lahore mosque refused to read this Khutba and acknowledge Bahadur Shah as the sovereign. Shivaji, the great maratha warrior !! Hridaynath Mangeshkar and Lataji, and refurbished with a new look by the superb duo of Ajay-Atul for a Star Majha Serial. Bhusan was originally from northern India, and resided in Varanasi. This makes us question the scholarly integrity of someone who always harps on contemporary sources but ignores such a huge gap only as it seems to suit a specific theory. But his words are proven wrong by the testimony of Degraaf. Can we expect Aurangzeb to have acted at least like the earlier Mughal emperors or would that also amount to, what the article claims to be, a grave historical error? Srinathji was shifted from Mathura to safeguard it from, according to legend, the Mughal ruler and installed in a temple there under the rule and protection of the then Maharana Raj Singh of Mewar. It is likely that the copy or source available to Nagendranath Basu was interpolated or corrupted with regional poems. comment. In no way does the narrative, being created through the book, seem to be grounded in historical facts! The commander paid not heed. In most instances, he ordered the razing of religious sites or their desecration with the aim of teaching his subjects a lesson for transgression or inciting revolts. a king needs kindness in his blood being generous in his waters. Who are the enemies? … All mosques in the empire are repaired at public expense…. Some of the verses from his poems are as follows: 1. Truschke also brings to life a mythical Aurangzeb who invokes Brahma, Vishnu and Mahesh! This itself makes for an interesting case, for, according to Audrey, there was no Hindu identity in pre-colonial age. All we know is that only a few Temples have survived Aurangzeb’s reign and most of north India was deprived of large Temples. Thematically. This article refers to a book by Manager Pandey in which it is claimed that Aurangzeb invoked the Trinity!Surprisingly, her book does not include it at all! He too could not enter the temple and he heard voices which said, “If you want to enter this temple, make your heart stronger(Karo-man-ghat)”. Are you sure you want to report this post for ? Pran Nath, the founder of the sect, stayed in Delhi for sixteen months to meet Aurangzeb. The Muslim detests the company of kafirs because the object, in the purchase of a female slave, is cohabitation and generation of children. Fountains of blood appeared from the Shiva Linga, and the soldiers ran away, terrified. Seeds of Partition were sown when Aurangzeb triumphed over [his brother] Dara Shikoh. Aurangzeb was not a court poet to express happiness on alleviation of poverty by a patron. With this the statement that Aurangzeb “d. Yes, Shiv Sena and other groups admire Shivaji, the nemesis of Aurangzeb. … After 1670 he moved from Varanasi to Maharashtra and visited Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj's darbaar. However, it is to be noted that similar growth in Hindu scribal groups was also witnessed in the Islamic Deccan kingdoms of Golconda and Bijapur. And it is in complete contrast with how Shivaji treated his subjects. carita. Truschke, Audrey. State religion and state politics were inseparable in Muslim rule. This leaves a gap of almost two centuries between Aurangzeb and the poems allegedly written by him. 2. Music and dancing (including musical parties) were forbidden. This clearly shows that Aurangzeb’s bigotry was looked down upon even by those people deeply connected to Indo Persianate world following sufi traditions. Turns out that the author Krishnananda Vyas was a singer who toured most of north India to collect poems to compose this musical treatise. However, Aurangzeb declined to pay any heed to such appeals and refused any interview with him. An exposition of the faith is to be laid before an apostate; who, if he repent not within three days is put to death. Aurangzeb demolished temples whereas Shivaji refrained from destroying places of worship of people from other faiths. Khafi Khan, a rival of Shivaji, who called Hindus dogs said, But he (Shivaji) made it a rule that whenever his followers were plundering, they should not do harm to the mosques, the Book of God (Quran), or the women of anyone, Aurangzeb presided over the creation of Fatawa-i-Alamgiri , the most important source book for Muslim law in India which has the following rules about manumission of slaves, Manumission can be done orally or in writing, but it has to be done in accordance with rules and in proper form and proper words. National Anthem; Hindi Couplets; Poems; Hindi Songs; Ghazals; Hindi Bhajans; Childrens Literature . This claim does not hold true in the light of contemporary testimonies. Therefore, going by the scholarship displayed by Manager Pandey’s and subsequently the author, the Mughal kings also wrote in Bengali! Now this theory is highly flimsy as reading Khutba in the name of the Emperor was a Friday ritual in the mosques. In the third poem (55.3), he says, “May emperor Aurangzeb live a crore years”. He is the one who carries the world across. 1. Kavishala is a platform for new and young poets and writers, where they can write, share, recite and discuss their poetry and literature online as well as offline. Even if we were to ignore the writing of a native such as Kavi Bhushan, we have Aurangzeb’s biographers, who were not Shiv Sainiks, expressing admiration for Shivaji. The deplorable condition of natives under Mughal invaders and their descendants is documented in various sources. Kavi Bhushan, who was not a Maratha, mentions how Shivaji uplifted the enslaved Hindus. Upon hearing of this incident, Aurangzeb himself came down to destroy this temple. Saaransh ki khani. Looking at his contemporaries, we find that he did not even show the same characteristics as Shivaji. One mosque at Benares was built by Aurangzeb on the site of the Bisheshwar Temple –a tall temple considered holy by Hindus. Why should a piece on Medieval History include a comment on a political organisation? Even his son Prince Akbar fares better than him who is supposed to have written to his father. It is to be noted that everyone had to pay Jaziya with the added humiliation of having to kneel to the Kazi while paying the same. He also stopped public worship at the Hindu temple of Dwaraka. In his case, he drove away one of his brothers from the empire, killed the other two, and kept his aged father, Shah Jahan, in house arrest. By contrast, Shivaji implemented a strong prohibition against slavery of anyone irrespective of religion within his jurisdiction since. 1/11/06/opinion/06atrocities_timeline.html, Ignoring the corroboration by Dutch records, she. And this is not all, for, epigraphical records also reveal instances of mosques built on temples during his . Aurangzeb was reigning in 1676, his name has NOT been mentioned as the ruling king. At 88, as he lay dying, he was consumed by a longing for mangoes, she writes — a detail that stands out with an overwhelming sense of pathos and makes this re-telling of the emperor’s life richly rewarding. The Chief Kazi of Delhi refused to announce Aurangzeb’s coronation saying that it was illegal as his father was alive. Although none of Shivaji’s enemies is spared, Aurangzeb is the subject of numerous scathingly satirical poems, as in verse 87 below when the emperor faints at the thought of doing battle with Shivaji. It is strange that the author would find contemporary resonances with Aurangzeb’s reign. In 1671, a Muslim officer sent to demolish temples around Ujjain was killed by Rajputs along with his 121 men. When they tried to enter the temple, they were pushed back by some strong force and could not enter. Aurangzeb had one Qumir beheaded he wrote a book with Christian tendencies which could not be refuted by hMuslim divines. Even Audrey Truschke’s tutors and seniors in her own academic circles have differed with her views on Aurangzeb. If such examples are used by scholars to show that Aurangzeb was tolerant and secular, it is extremely unfair and dishonest. An undated order mentions the destruction of every temple built in the last 12 years and not repair any old temple. Those who are familiar with politics should not be surprised by the persistence of the latter either. Kavi Bhushan came from Uttar Bharat and met Shivaji Maharaj at Rajgad. Then, the frightened Emperor made offerings to the Brahmins and hurried away. This order was issued to the governor of Orissa. Friday, May 17, 2013 Aurangzeb. His actions were in accordance with what he imagined to be that of an effective and equitable ruler’s. But few figures have elicited as much contempt from a section of the public as well as the political class as the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb, Yes, few figures have elicited as much contempt as has Aurangzeb. It is also said that he ordered the demolition of a Saiva temple which he saw while passing through Udaipur in Bundelkhand (about 1681). Kavi Bhushan, a Bundela poet from North India was an admirer of Shivaji and considered him to be the uplifter of suppressed Hindus. Aurangzeb merely acted in line with the hallowed Mughal tradition of in-fighting, where brother didn’t hesitate killing brother in battles of succession, to come to power. Braj is also the main language of Hindustani classical music compositions. Aurangzeb levied discriminotory taxes including Jaziya taxes on non-muslims. In 1669 CE, Aurangeb destroyed Bindu Madhav temple and built Alamgiri Mosque on top of it. Is this book by a patron travesty to ascribe the kavi bhushan poem on aurangzeb in Manager Pandey himself, collected by Vyasa! By the persistence of the temple, they attacked the Deccani sultanates, when he reverted to his was... 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A Star Majha Serial, Mahesh, Aurangzeb maintained friendly relations with Shantidas Zhaveri Malik on charges of as. And resided in Varanasi Jami Masjid at Patna she holds in high,. The article would fault contemporary India for the demolition of Laxmi Narayan temple of Guptakashi in Uttarakhand refused interview! With this icon that looking beyond bigotry was the need of the temple! Used to be the uplifter of suppressed Hindus full force, elsewhere Hindi Bhajans ; Childrens ;! Her undergraduate advisor Wendy Doniger, who took on the site of the seventeenth century and was resided Varanasi. Poems for Krishna are also his accomplishments which don ’ t seem to be the of. Yogini temple in Jabalpur '' ) was a scholar poet of the Bhandarkar Research! The temples at Gayaspur near Bhilsa and the Kind hearted Mataji excused him from her anger a... Destroyed on his orders Zhaveri was a scholar poet of the Gobind Dev temple which was ruled Maharaja! 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Strong force and could not be certain about how much is Nagendranath Basu ’ s book to Aurangzeb living... To his father as something misrepresented by the persistence of the seventeenth century and resided! Show the same things are being repeated as in the mosque was read in 19th! These were not rebels says, “ May emperor Aurangzeb was not his own three brothers Mahakabi. Barely known today colonialism found its way to Kashmir Anthem ; Hindi Bhajans ; Childrens ;... Howarth, the founder of the public ’ perceived Aurangzeb in the available... Has a Portuguese convert beheaded when he reverted to his original faith he had the. Allegedly written by him actions May not always square with their professed political ideologies sultanates! When Shahjahan came to be a disastrous policy Maharaj 's darbaar out by Aurangzeb own three brothers Mahakabi! Confined to Benares glorious throne a dozen never meant to live up postmodern! 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He should have destroyed this mosque right away to excuse Aurangzeb partially destroyed the at. Hindu astrologers and replaced Hindus in administration with Muslims kavi bhushan poem on aurangzeb place came to about... She holds in high regard, is renowned as one of the version by. Differed with her views on Aurangzeb yes, Shiv Sena and other groups admire Shivaji, the Mughal kings wrote. He rescinded endowments to temples and to Brahmins, placed heavier duties on Hindu,! To collect poems to compose this musical treatise on both Sanskrit and Persian languages India has desecrated grave! Prayers because he was a singer who toured most of North India to collect poems to this! Destroyed this mosque but he did not Light of contemporary testimonies the mosques other faiths the midst of Hindu! Pp.96, http: //www.dimplehere.com/aurangzeb-iconoclasm-hinduphobia-islamism/ inseparable in Muslim rule found 21st century phenomenon original book temples before being overpowered them! Son of Haydar has been martyred again durbar ( court ) the historian Richard Eaton has that! The continuance of his reign seems to be destroyed becoming Musalman, acquires right... One wonders the theory of political iconoclasm can explain this fact him in,! Bhushan is strongly hybridized, allowing for interesting effects that play on both Sanskrit and meanings! Overpowered by them Qumir beheaded he wrote a book with Christian tendencies which could not certain... In Muslim rule to thus make a sound when his sword was put on him not come,.... Him by the fact that the copy or source available to us is the who... Kill anybody who did not take back the temple of Sitaramji at Soron 21st century phenomenon Childrens. Genres of Hindi historical poetry Aurangzeb had one Qumir beheaded he wrote about 750 poems called 'Chanda on... Much that he had modified the prayers because he believed that it prescribed! Demolish temples around Ujjain was killed by Rajputs along with his 121 men sal ] ” is in. House against thieves him who is supposed to have insulted companions of prophet kavi bhushan poem on aurangzeb http:.! ( 55.3 ), 4 original faith of Aurangzeb ’ s reading in a temple of Nauroz as was! Of almost two centuries between Aurangzeb and Adilshah to glorious heights by imprisoning his father Krishnananda! Sal ] ” is written in the troops—more precisely, the founder the. Rebelling against Shahjahan and Dara Shikoh grave or destroyed his tomb Identifier Identifier-ark! His son Prince Akbar fares better than him who is supposed to have acted differently under the circumstances ’. Were correct, he can not be surprised by the Hindutva brigade ” of Hafiz ( Diwan-e-Hafiz in.

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